War Thunder Research Guide
How to War Thunder / Beginners Guide / Noob Quick Reference. Airplane buying guide for (new) players(with. War Thunder > Guides > Pixelshadys Guides 451 ratings What Each Nation is good at. A Beginner’s Guide to War Thunder – Researching New Aircraft Part of The Complete Beginner’s Guide After each battle you are awarded with Research Points (RP), and what do Research Points make? Research. By Pixelshady and 2 collaborators 3 5 2 2 Award Favorite Share USA (Aircraft) Extremely fast aircraft that are fantasitc boom and zoomers, dont even try to zoom climb with them Pros : Extremely fast at all tiers Great energy retention. This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO developed by Gaijin Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S. The Shooting Range #217 - Tactics & Strategy section at 08:47 discusses defense manoeuvres in air duels. War Thunder naval battles beginners guide: tips and tricks for conquering the seas. 10 War Thunder Tanks Tips for New Players HOW TO: Get Started Snoo-7981 • 2 yr. Interact with our great community, and make new friends with our members. The push for realism means there is a bit of a learning curve though. Well you should know that your research effectiveness is within a tier or two, so you should play with vehicles that are around the same tier (do not try researching a Tier V with a Tier I vehicle). War Thunder: The Shooting Range / Episode 106 The Shooting Range #106 - Tactics & Strategy section at 11:16 discusses playing aircraft in naval battles. 3 Modifications and economy 3 Armaments 3. There are so many airplanes available, you do not know where to begin your journey in unlocking each and every beautiful aircraft. They help to unlock planes through battles (includes bonus unblocks on later version aircraft. Almost everything in War Thunder depends on research points. War Thunder Beginners Guide to Tanking / How to Tank / Noob Reference MYSH 165K views 1 year ago War Thunders Grind - Why its a problem & some grinding tips to earn more RP and SL! The. In both I tend to research first towards Ammunition and then towards bombs/rockets/Artillery. Introduced in November 2020’s New Power update, many have called the West-German Leopard 2A6 the best tank in War Thunder. Its all explained in this article [warthunder. Research points you earn in War Thunder are usually used in four main funds: Vehicle Research Points: As the name implies, you can use it to unlock new vehicles. War Thunder MMO Action game Gaming 17 comments Top invertedwut • 9 yr. War Thunder Beginner Guide 2021: Tips for Tanks, Planes, …. 0, and this pattern goes all the way to the top, again this is all to help with Balance of the game and matchmaking whilst helping flesh out the research tree. ago You are going down a dark road my friend. Tips on How to Get Research Points Quickly in War Thunder Once upon a time in War Thunder, we only had a handful of vehicles and an easy time grinding the limited nations available, fast forward to 2021 and theres now tenfold the number of vehicles and ordnances available to research for each nation. com] Participate in random battles, and for each 200 RP earned, your squadron will receive 1 activity point. Stop trying to climb so fast, all you are doing is staying broke and making a nice clueless target for more experienced players. Its recommended to train up your Crew for at least 2-3 crew slots on each of the nations you plan to play, keep note that you should train the following 2-3 slots for different vehicles (for example 1-2 for planes, 1-2 for aircraft) however if you only plan on playing realistic and simulator battles you will only need 1-2 trained crew slots. War Thunder has a great selection of boats split into Coastal and Bluewater. Basics. Research points you earn in War Thunder are usually used in four main funds: Vehicle Research Points: As the name implies, you can use it to unlock new vehicles. Welcome to the Tank Battles mode of War Thunder! This guide will help get a player on their feet in trying out War Thunder tank warfare. Aircraft have components ranging from wings to flaps to the pilot themselves and heedlessly spraying bullets into a plane might not do much if you dont hit anything critical. It’s no surprise that grinding out research points in War Thunder is challenging when you’re. War Thunder has a great selection of boats split into Coastal and Bluewater. The B-29 is called the Superfortress for a reason. Well you should know that your research effectiveness is within a tier or two, so you should play with vehicles that are around the same tier (do not try researching a Tier V with a Tier I vehicle). Once upon a time in War Thunder, we only had a handful of vehicles and an easy time grinding the limited nations available, fast forward to 2021 and there’s now tenfold the number of vehicles and ordnances available to research for each nation. If a vehicle is available to be researched, youll see the Research Point cost, and a experience bar thatll tell you how far youve progressed on the research. The vehicle-based game has you take command of a ship, aircraft, or armored military vehicle from World War 2 to present day. A Beginner’s Guide to War Thunder – Researching New Aircraft. Crew positions, ammo racks, fuel tanks and just about anything youd expect to be important in an actual tank are the. War Thunder beginners guide: the best tier 1 tanks. You must follow these instructions step by step STEP 1 - Click the Library tab at the top of the screen. Lets be realistic, to survive in War Thunder you need to have a good set of skills and a decent team pulling their weight, it also helps to recognize certain areas of the game that are often overlooked, yet these small but useful tips can turn the tide of the battle for you and your team. War Thunder Beginners Guide to Tanking / How to Tank / Noob Reference MYSH 165K views 1 year ago War Thunders Grind - Why its a problem & some grinding tips to earn more RP and SL! The. The Shooting Range #34 - Tactics & Strategy section at 00:24 discusses fighting more manoeuvrable enemies. USSR ground vehicles - War Thunder Wiki USSR ground vehicles navigation search Media Book of Records USSR - War Thunder Official Channel Climbing the ranks with Soviet tanks - War Thunder Official Channel Russian ground forces Tier I - Review and Analysis - Oxy Russian ground forces Tier II - Review and Analysis - Oxy. This guide is aimed at those with little to no knowledge of the US and mostly for arcade (though the majority of tactics are applicable in historic as well). the bf-110 line is non-stop good. Overall, it’s a cool and historical tank!. This guide will be continously updated to cover ALL Aircraft in War Thunder. Has anyone figured out how squadron research works? :: War. STEP 4 - An extra tab should show up to the side, now carefully navigate to Uninstall button and click it. War Thunder beginners guide: tips and tricks for air battles. War Thunder / How To Get More Research & Golden Eagles (War Thunder Grinding Guide) Gnarly Carly 1. The propeller-powered big brother to the infamous B-17 Flying Fortress, this American bomber is among the most powerful in all of War Thunder, and designed with one sole function in mind – to drop huge payloads quickly from a great height. War Thunder, by Gaijin Entertainment, is one of the hottest free-to-play. These can be how quickly aircraft are repaired by ground crew on the airfield, how fast the. This guide is aimed at those with little to no knowledge of the US and mostly for arcade (though the majority of tactics are applicable in historic as well). For example, you need RP to research and use crew training, modify all vehicles in the game or unlock new ones. War Thunder is a cross-platform military online game for Windows and Linux PC, Mac, PS4, PS5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S dedicated to combat aircraft, ground vehicles and naval forces. If you are new to War Thunder seeing the tech tree can be quite impressive. Heres the Basics to Research Points on War Thunder: You gain them from active combat and hits/destroys in-game. Critical targets remember that in war thunder, there is no HP bar. You must follow these instructions step by step STEP 1 - Click the Library tab at the top of the screen. Beginner War Thunder Tips in 2021. research US tech tree in arb : r/Warthunder>In what order to research US tech tree in arb : r/Warthunder. com%2fguides%2ftips-on-how-to-get-research-points-quickly-in-war-thunder%2f/RK=2/RS=Hn6hfy9KdOQlkvK6IZ638KRxdXM- referrerpolicy=origin target=_blank>See full list on everythingwarthunder. The first few matches against real players will be difficult and new players will Combat Tactics & Strategy. Ground assault: Read our guide to the best War Thunder tanks Stick to high altitudes where you can leverage the power of its engine, and maintain your speed at all costs. War Thunder beginners guide: the best tier 1 tanks. An Overall Meta Guide To Enjoying WT : r/Warthunder. STEP 3 - Right click the game and go down to Manage. War Thunders most significant dogfighting mechanics include diving, general attacking, Your hanger, Plane research & Crew slots. Slowing down will scupper its formidable turning speed and roll rate, leaving you susceptible to the higher firepower of other aircraft. A Beginner’s Guide to War Thunder – Researching New Aircraft Part of The Complete Beginner’s Guide After each battle you are awarded with Research Points (RP), and what do Research Points make? Research Prizes! RP contribute towards unlocking modifications for the planes you were flying (covered in a separate guide ), and researching new aircraft. In order to research a vehicle, you have to have researched (and I think purchased) the vehicle before it in the tree. Every 3 days, these activity points will be converted into a unique vehicle you have chosen for research. 0 Jets and covers all the nations. War Thunder: The Shooting Range / Episode 106 The Shooting Range #106 - Tactics & Strategy section at 11:16 discusses playing aircraft in naval battles. 1 Custom loadout options 4 Usage in battles 4. what is the easiest and fastest way to grind sl. War Thunder Research Points Guide. Well you should know that your research effectiveness is within a tier or two, so you should play with vehicles that are around the same tier (do not try researching a Tier V with a Tier I vehicle). Lets be realistic, to survive in War Thunder you need to have a good set of skills and a decent team pulling their weight, it also helps to recognize certain areas of the game that are often overlooked, yet these small but useful tips can turn the tide of the battle for you and your team. German tech tree questions, looking for a guide : r/Warthunder. Heres a list of the different types of modifications you can research. War Thunder Beginners Guide to Tanking / How to Tank / Noob Reference MYSH 165K views 1 year ago War Thunders Grind - Why its a problem & some grinding tips to earn. Critical targets remember that in war thunder, there is no HP bar. When it comes to War Thunder, this guy is known for having superb mobility, capable of reaching around 80 KM/H, which is a lot for a heavy tank. In both I tend to research first towards Ammunition and then towards bombs/rock. Crew skills are War Thunders way of simulating the experience and skill gained by air, ground, and naval crews through combat missions, allowing them to perform/endure tasks more efficiently and effectively as they increase in skill over time. 3 experience points for 1,000 RP. War Thunder beginner’s guide: tips and tricks for air battles. Starter Guide Opening matches - Your first match. Official Game Manual. Collective Guide for Aircraft in War Thunder By Arkreiner The Guide for all aircraft in Warthunder from the 1. Good research guide for Aces?. OG BP profile icon depicts a Royal Lancer not a Kings Royal Hussar. go right for the 109 f-1, its tiered lower than the E-3 and performs better. An Overall Meta Guide To Enjoying WT I think there is a fundamental mis-understanding a lot of people have about the nature of WT that prevents them from enjoying the game and leads to a lot of emotional distress. Research Points (RP) Crew experience points (CEP) Modification research points (MRP, unless the vehicle is spaded) Convertible research points (CRP) Vehicle research points (VRP, unless you have researched everything in the tree of the nation you are playing) SL and RP generate CEP, MRP, CRP and VRP, so lets discuss these first: 1. War Thunder MMO Action game Gaming commentssorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A SkyPL Navy (RB & AB) • Additional comment actions Why would you worry with tier 2? Tier 2 goes in and out as if nothing would happen. Reddit>Tips for a beginner. War Thunder All Discussions Screenshots Artwork Broadcasts Videos News Guides Reviews War Thunder > Guides > Kriss!s Guides 64 ratings Updated bombing chart By Kriss! Award Favorite Share Bombing Chart none of this is mine https://docs. War Thunder is a cross-platform military online game for Windows and Linux PC, Mac, PS4, PS5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S dedicated to combat aircraft, ground vehicles and naval forces. This War Thunder strategy guide (for serious players only) is brought to you by Checkpoint Restart [checkpoint-restart. War Thunder, by Gaijin Entertainment, is one of the hottest free-to-play games around at the moment, but you cant just jump in and become an instant fighter ace. Wingupgrades that help turning are less importend then engineupgrades, even for japanese planes. War Thunder beginner’s guide: the best tier 1 planes. War Thunder has been the leading edge in realistic war gaming for some time now. Contents 1 Getting started in War Thunder 1. 0 (as of 2021) with the use of Decimalisation each BR increases by going :- 1. You can also read about the history of famous vehicles. Published: Nov 2, 2021 War Thunder No one can dispute that War Thunder provides a lot of choice. War Thunder is a cross-platform military online game for Windows and Linux PC, Mac, PS4, PS5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S dedicated to combat aircraft, ground vehicles and naval forces. Efficiently Grinding The Tech Trees In War Thunder. Crew skills are War Thunders way of simulating the experience and skill gained by air, ground, and naval crews through combat missions, allowing them to perform/endure tasks more efficiently and effectively as they increase in skill over time. Beginner Tips And Tricks For War Thunder. Welcome to the Tank Battles mode of War Thunder! This guide will help get a player on their feet in trying out War Thunder tank warfare. This page was last edited on 10 April 2020, at 13:32. Research Fast in War Thunder. Guide to War Thunder Tanks,. They help to unlock planes through battles. The game is based around combined arms battles on air, land, and sea with vehicles from the Great War to today. War Thunder Air Beginners Guide #4 - Defensive Flying DEFYN War Thunder Dev Server First Look : F-4S Tims Variety How To Grind MILLIONS of Silver Lions EASY / War Thunder Seek 50 Pro. Steam Community :: Guide :: War Thunder. And try to get the other performanceupgrades fast too. 3 and just stay there and play a while, you learn more about the game, tank handling and killing the other guy and youll find the bank builds quicker if you arent spending it constantly on fresh meat for the grinder. War Thunder > Guides > Pixelshadys Guides 451 ratings What Each Nation is good at. Coastal boats are basically small vessels that are fast and very nimble with very small armament and a few Torpedoes or depth charges, battles for these boats can be very frantic and action-packed - Very much like Air Arcade, always something going on. When it comes to War Thunder, this guy is known for having superb mobility, capable of reaching around 80 KM/H, which is a lot for a heavy tank. Armor Piercing, Composite, Rigid (APCR) High Explosive, Anti-Tank (HEAT) High Explosive (HE) These are the most common used ammunition types in war thunder with each to their own advantage, allowing you to effectively damage your opponent based on what youre attacking, they come in different sizes ranging from 7,62 to 152mm rounds. Economy & Research Tutorial: Everything you. War Thunder features a complex and detailed skill tree type library of planes for each playable country. (BP profile icon part 2) in attempt to fix the profile icon they made it worse. Crew Experience Points are calculated based on research points for the different battle modes as follows: In Arcade battles - 30 experience points for 1,000 RP In Realistic battles - 11. Keep in mind this is a very very big guide. Heres the Basics to Research Points on War Thunder: You gain them from active combat and hits/destroys in-game. Watch to the end to get the best Grind tips in War Thunder and how to get as much research as possible in #WarThunder War Thunder 2012 Browse game Gaming Browse all gaming War Thunder. 3 experience points for 1,000 RP In Simulator battles - 9 experience points for 1,000 RP Multipliers. Its just all wrong now, if its King Royal Hussars the Colours are wrong and the Collar badges is wrong. An Overall Meta Guide To Enjoying WT I think there is a fundamental mis-understanding a lot of people have about the nature of WT that prevents them from enjoying the game and leads to a lot of emotional distress. War Thunder needs. War Thunder / How To Get More Research & Golden Eagles (War Thunder Grinding Guide) Gnarly Carly 1. Lock on and zoom when possible to specifically target enemy flaps, engine or pilot. 2 Machine guns 4 Usage in battles 4. Impenetrable turret cheeks and upper front plate armour, swift gun rotation speed, improved gun optics from its predecessor the Leopard 2A4, and access to the highest-penetration. Award Favorite Share Created by Arkreiner Offline. They think that because War Thunder is a game, its primary purpose should be to provide fun to the players. It’s just all wrong now, if it’s King Royal Hussars the Colours are wrong and the Collar badges is wrong. It’s just all wrong now, if it’s King Royal Hussars the. Starter Guide Opening matches - Your first match. In order to research a vehicle, you have to have researched (and I think purchased) the vehicle before it in the tree. Published: Nov 2, 2021 War Thunder No one can dispute that War Thunder provides a lot of choice. Crew Experience Points are calculated based on research points for the different battle modes as follows: In Arcade battles - 30 experience points for 1,000 RP. War Thunder has been the leading edge in realistic war gaming for some time now. Planes throughout each countrys library are all marked with a tier, from 1 through to. Welcome to the Tank Battles mode of War Thunder! This guide will help get a player on their feet in trying out War Thunder tank warfare. The sheer volume of bombs dropped on. War Thunder Beginners Guide to Tanking / How to Tank / Noob Reference MYSH 165K views 1 year ago War Thunders Grind - Why its a problem & some grinding tips to earn more RP and SL! The. Research Points (RP) Crew experience points (CEP) Modification research points (MRP, unless the vehicle is spaded) Convertible research points (CRP) Vehicle research points (VRP, unless you have researched everything in the tree of the nation you are playing) SL and RP generate CEP, MRP, CRP and VRP, so lets discuss these first: 1. Watch to the end to get the best Grind tips in War Thunder and how to get as much research as possible in #WarThunder War Thunder 2012 Browse game Gaming Browse all gaming War Thunder. The Shooting Range #213 - Tactics & Strategy section at 07:35 discusses being in the attackers position in air duels. Tips on How to Get Research Points Quickly in War …. War Thunder beginners guide: the best tier 1 planes. Beginners Guide to War Thunder Tanks,. Glorious Firsts: Aircraft Edition - War Thunder Official Channel. You should feel free to use this tank in close combat but can also be played as a sniper from afar, thanks to its powerful and accurate main cannon. To be able to research quickly, you should know how the game economy works. Allow you to do aircraft modification when using the plane in battles. War Thunder Air Beginners Guide #4 - Defensive Flying DEFYN War Thunder Dev Server First Look : F-4S Tims Variety How To Grind MILLIONS of Silver Lions EASY / War. War Thunder With some tutorials under your belt and time spent picking off ground targets and dabbling in dogfights, you’ll quickly find that every plane has its. Tracks maintenance - This is the Replacement of worn tracks and pins, adjustment of track tension improve tank handling and passing ability. While the traits are what I have personally experienced and feel, a lot of the tactics are collective knowledge from around the forum and game itself. War Thunder Research GuideContents 1 Getting started in War. GET RESEARCH FASTER: War Thunder Grind (5 …. War Thunder beginners guide: tips and tricks for tank battles. A simple tip, and one you can do before even entering battle. If a vehicle is available to be researched, youll see the Research Point cost, and a. Best American guide ever!. com/spreadsheets/d/1AOUv-5BjePXOX9drfhKumh_drX8Tjh6b/edit#gid=752206790 outdated. War Thunder planes: the best aircraft. I play Air Arcade and Ground Realistic. The amount of research points you earn in War Thunder depends on many variables. Official Game Manual. War Thunders most significant dogfighting. A Beginner’s Guide to War Thunder – Researching New …. A Beginners Guide to War Thunder - Researching New Aircraft Part of The Complete Beginners Guide After each battle you are awarded with Research Points (RP), and what do Research Points make? Research Prizes! RP contribute towards unlocking modifications for the planes you were flying (covered in a separate guide ), and researching new aircraft. Collective Guide for Aircraft in War Thunder. This War Thunder strategy guide (for serious players only) is brought to you by Checkpoint Restart [checkpoint-restart. War Thunder Best American Tanks By Tier. 4M views CRUISE MISSILES / Are Kill Streaks Coming To War Thunder? UCAV AIR. Utterly confused by the Research system, help!. GET RESEARCH FASTER: War Thunder Grind (5 Min). This is a subreddit for War Thunder, a cross platform vehicular combat MMO developed by Gaijin Entertainment for Microsoft Windows, macOS, Linux, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5,. 5 Easy Tips And Tricks To Grind and Earn Tons of RP (War …. Available with a little bit of research, the Soviet BB-1 is one of the best multi-purpose attacking aircraft in tier 1 - it can dogfight, bomb, tank and strafe with the best of them. Here you can learn about the game mechanics and how to use the vehicles in virtual battles. How many of the points you earn at the end of each battle are transferred to this area depends on several variables. War Thunder tanks: the best ground vehicles. ; Suspension maintenance and adjustment - Replacement of damaged and worn elastic elements, lubrication of guide roller and tank. Tiers are generally used to separate what era. This War Thunder strategy guide (for serious players only) is brought to you by Checkpoint Restart [checkpoint-restart. Armor Piercing, Composite, Rigid (APCR) High Explosive, Anti-Tank (HEAT) High Explosive (HE) These are the most common used ammunition types in war thunder with each to their own advantage, allowing you to effectively damage your opponent based on what youre attacking, they come in different sizes ranging from 7,62 to 152mm rounds. They help to unlock planes through battles (includes bonus unblocks on later version aircraft. The thing with War Thunder is there is a variety of modes with a variety of play styles and each has a more efficient way of progressing. A Beginners Guide to War Thunder. How many of the points you earn at the. Active marketplace for gamers and people like you, with thousands of contributors and over half a million posts. 10 War Thunder Tanks Tips for New Players HOW TO: Get Started Snoo-7981 • 2 yr. The keyupgrade for most planes is the engine injection. To be able to research quickly, you should know how the game economy works. War Thunder beginner’s guide: tips and tricks for tank battles. War Thunder Beginner Guide 2021: Tips for Tanks, Planes. Also try using your boosters that you recive in crates after games or by logging into the game (those can be found in your inventory). 0 Battle Rating Biplanes to the 9. War Thunder utilises specific damage values and modules for every tank. uh1XNyoA;_ylu=Y29sbwNiZjEEcG9zAzIEdnRpZAMEc2VjA3Ny/RV=2/RE=1683532034/RO=10/RU=https%3a%2f%2fwww. Every 3 days, these activity points will be converted into a unique vehicle you have chosen for research. War Thunder Beginners Guide to Tanking / How to Tank / Noob Reference MYSH 165K views 1 year ago War Thunders Grind - Why its a problem & some grinding tips to earn more RP and SL! The. STEP 2 - Search for War Thunder on the left side in your Library of games. Heres an easy to use War Thunder Research Points Guide, helping you to gain points and research planes efficiently. Research points you earn in War Thunder are usually used in four main funds: Vehicle Research Points: As the name implies, you can use it to unlock new vehicles. BASICS to Research Points Guide : Warthunder. Heres the Basics to Research Points on War Thunder: You gain them from active combat and hits/destroys in-game. Beginners Guide to Tank Battles. Free access to tutorials, resources, information, tools, trainers, cheats and hacks. A Beginner’s Guide to War Thunder – Researching New Aircraft Part of The Complete Beginner’s Guide After each battle you are awarded with Research Points (RP), and what do Research Points make? Research Prizes! RP contribute towards unlocking modifications for the planes you were flying (covered in a separate guide ), and researching new aircraft. War Thunder beginner’s guide: tips and tricks for tank battles Know your tank. The best tank games on PC 2023. In what order to research US tech tree in arb : …. ago Theres no way to progress quickly in war thunder, especially if its the first time playing it and your first video game, just play and have fun! A warning, dont be tempted to buy a top tier premium or any premium at all, you wont have fun since:. Steam Community :: Guide :: How to cheat in War Thunder…. War Thunder is a cross-platform military online game for Windows and Linux PC, Mac, PS4, PS5, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S dedicated to combat aircraft, ground vehicles and. What should I research first for USA Tier II tanks? : r/Warthunder. War Thunder Hacks & Cheats. This guide tries to give (new) players a hand to find out what airplanes they should be aiming for, in my opinion. Crew Experience Points are calculated based on research points for the different battle modes as follows: In Arcade battles - 30 experience points for 1,000 RP. Knowing your tank,. 3 Pros and cons 5 History 6 Media. 4M views CRUISE MISSILES / Are Kill Streaks Coming To War. STEP 2 - Search for War Thunder on the left side in your Library of games. 2 Preparing for the first match. This guide is aimed at those with little to no knowledge of the US and mostly for arcade (though the majority of tactics are applicable in historic as well). Starter Guide Opening matches - Your first match. Available with a little bit of research, the Soviet BB-1 is one of the best multi-purpose attacking aircraft in tier 1 – it can dogfight, bomb, tank and strafe with the best of them. Steam Community :: Guide :: How to cheat in War Thunder?. Heres the Basics to Research Points on War Thunder: You gain them from active combat and hits/destroys in-game. >Steam Community :: Guide :: What Each Nation is good at. From nippy armoured cars, to hulking heavy tanks, to cloud-gazing anti-aircraft vehicles, the sheer volume of vehicular offerings can appear a little daunting. In Simulator battles - 9 experience points for 1,000 RP. Ground assault: Read our guide to the best War Thunder tanks Stick to high altitudes where you can leverage the power of its engine, and maintain your speed at all costs. 5 Easy Tips And Tricks To Grind and Earn Tons of RP (War Thunder.